Birmingham+Children's+Crusade+Reshearch

Mara Peoples and Jenny Brostrom Taft History 8-4

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Birmingham Children's Crusade:

Information:
 * "children's crusade." //Martin Luther King Jr. And The Global Freedom Struggle// . N.p., n.d. Web. 5 May 2011. [].
 * "Birmingham protests." //American History //. ABC-CLIO, 2011. Web. 5 May 2011.
 * Rohde, Kate . "The Children's Crusade." //between sundays//. Church of the Larger Fellowship, n.d. Web. 6 May 2011. [].
 * "Birmingham, Alabama." //The Civil Rights Movement//. ThinkQuest Internet Challenge Team, n.d. Web. 16 May 2011. .

Pictures In 1963 the struggle for freedom in Alabama was harder than ever. The Civil Right’s activist’s plans weren’t heading in the right direction. Our mission looked like it was going to fail. Martin Luther King Jr. tried to lead us, the African American’s in Birmingham to end the terrible forces of segregation.
 * "The Children's Crusade." //veterans of the civil rights movement//. N.p., 2008. Web. 5 May 2011. .
 * Web. 5 May 2011. [].
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Web. 6 May 2011. <http://media3.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/photo/gallery/090422/GAL-09Apr22-1923/media/PHO-09Apr22-159136.﻿jpg>.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 32px;">"Gordon.coale Weblog." // ElectricEdge Web Solutions //. Web. 06 May 2011. <http://www.electricedge.com/greymatter/archives/archive-03052006-03112006.htm>.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 32px;">"Lesson Plan: The Children's Crusade." // Stanford University //. Liberation Curriculum, 2004. Web. 06 May 2011. <http://www.stanford.edu/group/King/liberation_curriculum/childrenscrusade/lesson3.htm>.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 32px;">"Violent Crowd Control." //Encyclopedia of Alabama//. Web. 06 May 2011. <http://www.encyclopediaofalabama.org/face/Multimedia.jsp?id=m-3766>.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 32px;">"A Message from Martin Luther King Jr. to Israel, Palestine, and Obama on Inauguration Eve « Pilgrim without a Shrine." //Pilgrim without a Shrine//. Web. 18 May 2011. <http://sojourney.wordpress.com/2009/01/20/mlk-israel-palestine-obama/>.3
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">"Alabama." //GMT: Greenwich Mean Time - World Time / Time in Every Time Zone//. Web. 18 May 2011. <http://wwp.greenwichmeantime.com/time-zone/usa/alabama/>.
 * <span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; line-height: 32px;">"Woolworth's Lunch Counter - Separate Is Not Equal." //National Museum of American History//. Web. 18 May 2011. <http://americanhistory.si.edu/brown/history/6-legacy/freedom-struggle-2.html>.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; text-indent: 0.5in;">The campaign plans began in January of 1963. The Southern Christian Leadership Conference also known as the SCLC began preparing to lead many boycotts and protests such as, boycotting stores and many sit-in demonstrations at white only lunch counters in the downtown areas of Alabama. One of our main targets for the boycott demonstrations was Birmingham, Alabama. On April 3rd of 1963 the protests began. Within the first three days 35 people were arrested, and by April 6th 77 were arrested(i dont think these statistics r right, they r 2 small). These protests began to get outrageously violent, quickly and police forces were forced to take action. This was the beginning to many more violent attacks on the black community, especially those who were protesting.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">Marten Luther king wanted to know who would fight for freedom with him. At the church meeting that night he asked. But we were all too scared. We did not want to go to jail like he had. But some people did stand up but we were surprised to find that the people who stood up were children. They wanted their freedom. But we did not want our children to be in harms way. But in the end we deiced to let them.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">When the children found out they could protest they told their friends. When the time came for the march, there were a thousand children, teenagers, and college students. And the sheriff, nickname "Bull" arrested them all and put them in jail. But the next day even more kids showed up and some of us parents and relatives too. We went out into the streets and peacefully marched while singing "We Shall Over Come". Even more of us came the next day and more the next. Soon lots of adults joined in. Finally, a thousand children were in jail, and there was no more room for anyone else. The police began useing schools and fair gounds to hold the prisoners, to hold us. By the end of the first day, police had arrested 959 boys and girls.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%;">The sheriff had done every thing he could to stop us. He had turned loose big police dogs and allowed them to bite us as we marched peacefully. He sprayed us with fire hoses. He ordered the white firemen to point the hoses at young kids and practically roll them down the street. The hoses had been so strong they could have pulled the barck off of trees.

<span style="background-color: #ffffff; font-family: Arial,Helvetica,sans-serif; font-size: 110%; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 12pt;"> The public was horrified by what they saw on television. Many Americans became disgusted by what they saw. After a few days our children were freed from their makeshift prisons and allowed to keep marching without being attacked. This symbolized “the constant reforms that were achieved by using peaceful protest.”(From thinkquest.org)­. Soon, the white people of Birmingham had no choice but to desegregate lunch counters, remove segregation signs and employ more African Americans. This was one of the first major events that gave publicity to the civil rights movement.